The intergenerational effects of early childbearing in Cape Town, South Africa

Nicola Branson, University of Cape Town
Cally Ardington, University of Cape Town
Murray Leibbrandt, University of Cape Town

This paper analyzes the effect of being born to a teen mother on child health outcomes in South Africa using propensity score reweighting. Exploiting the longitudinal nature of the Cape Area Panel Study, we estimate the probability of being a teen mother conditional on pre-childbirth characteristics. We use this score to construct a weighted counterfactual group of children born to mothers over nineteen whose pre-childbirth characteristics are very similar to the teen mother sample except for their age at the birth of their first child. Our reweighted regressions indicate that young maternal age has some significant adverse effects on child health, especially among coloured children. In particular, children born to teens are more likely to be born underweight and to be stunted with the negative effect double the size for coloureds than Africans.